124 articles - From Saturday Jan 22 2022 to Friday Jan 28 2022
| J Crohns Colitis |
Introduction of subcutaneous infliximab CT-P13 and vedolizumab in clinical practice: a multi-stakeholder position statement highlighting the need for post-marketing studies. All stakeholders welcomed subcutaneous infliximab and vedolizumab. However, more scientific data are needed to select the right patients and timing for switching to these newer formulations, and to explore the optimal strategy in case of loss of response. |
meta-analyses and systematic reviews
| Aliment Pharmacol Ther |
Systematic review with meta-analysis: the accuracy of serological tests to support the diagnosis of coeliac disease. Anti-tissue transglutaminase sensitivity appears to be sufficient to rule out coeliac disease in children. The high specificity of endomysial antibody in adults supports its use to rule in coeliac disease. This evidence underpins the current development of clinical guidelines for a serological diagnosis of coeliac disease. Studies in primary care are needed to evaluate serological testing strategies in this setting. |
| J Hepatol |
Systematic review of response criteria and endpoints in autoimmune hepatitis by the International Autoimmune Hepatitis Group. The need for agreed endpoints is urgently required to set a general standard for reporting study results and make results comparable in future clinical trials. Therefore, the International Autoimmune Hepatitis Group (IAIHG) here presents a statement on five agreed response criteria and endpoints: complete biochemical response, insufficient response, non-response, remission, and intolerance to treatment. |
RCT, clinical trials, retrospective studies, etc…
| Aliment Pharmacol Ther |
Impact of thiopurine discontinuation at anti-tumour necrosis factor initiation in inflammatory bowel disease treatment: a nationwide Danish cohort study. In a nationwide cohort study of IBD patients, we observed that discontinuing thiopurines after anti-TNF initiation was associated with an increased risk of adverse outcomes, in particular an increase in hospitalizations. Further interventional studies exploring this common clinical scenario are required. |
| Am J Gastroenterol |
A Single Fasting Exhaled Methane Level Correlates With Fecal Methanogen Load, Clinical Symptoms and Accurately Detects Intestinal Methanogen Overgrowth. Fasting SMM =10 ppm seems to accurately diagnose IMO, is associated with constipation, and correlates with stool M. smithii. SMM seems to be stable without treatment and decreases after antibiotics. SMM may be a useful test to diagnose IMO and monitor treatment response. |
Effect of Different Modalities of Purgative Preparation on the Diagnostic Yield of Small Bowel Capsule for the Exploration of Suspected Small Bowel Bleeding: A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial. Small bowel purgative before SBCE allowed better quality of cleansing. However, it did not improve diagnostic yield of SBCE for suspected SBB. |
Fibrosis-4 Index Can Independently Predict Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. In a large, real-world cohort of patients with NAFLD, NASH, or at RISK of NASH, the FIB-4 score was the strongest independent predictor of MACE, beyond established cardiovascular risk factors and baseline liver diagnosis. |
Portrait of Regional Trends in Liver Transplantation for Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis in the United States. LT for patients with NASH has dramatically increased across al regions since 2004, but with substantial heterogeneity among regions in the proportion with HCC and post-LT survival. Identifying contributing factors to these regional differences is warranted. |
Prospective Endoscopic Activity Assessment for Eosinophilic Gastritis in a Multisite Cohort. Prospective application of EG-REFS identified gastric features with a strong correlation with physician global assessment of endoscopic activity in EG. Endoscopic features demonstrated greater severity in patients with active histology and a predilection for the gastric antrum. Further development of EG-REFS should improve its utility in clinical studies. |
Secular Trends in Severe Idiosyncratic Drug Induced Liver Injury in North America: An Update from the ALFSG Registry. DILI ALF in North America is evolving, with HDS cases rising and other categories of suspect drugs declining. The reasons for a significant increase in transplant free survival and reduced need for liver transplantation over time remain unclear, but may be due to improvements in critical care, increased NAC utilization, and improved patient prognostication. |
| Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol |
A low FODMAP diet reduces symptoms in treated celiac patients with ongoing symptoms - a randomized controlled trial. A short-term moderately low FODMAP diet significantly reduced gastrointestinal symptoms and increased celiac disease-specific health, and should be considered for the management of persistent symptoms in celiac disease. ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03678935). |
Clinical Outcomes in Biopsy-Proven Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Patients: A Multicenter Registry-Based Cohort Study. Liver-related mortality was the leading cause of mortality in Asian patients with biopsy-confirmed NAFLD. Although fibrosis stage was independently associated with liver-related events, it was not associated with overall mortality after adjusting for confounders, such as histologic features of steatohepatitis. |
Humoral response to 2-dose BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccination in liver transplant recipients. Three months after vaccination, LT recipients showed humoral response in 75% of cases. Older age, shorter time from transplantation and use of antimetabolites were factors associated with non-response to vaccination and needed to be kept under close monitoring. |
Performance of noninvasive tests of fibrosis among Asians, Hispanic and non-Hispanic Whites in the STELLAR trials. In the global phase 3 STELLAR trials, the diagnostic performance of routinely available noninvasive tests for the detection of advanced fibrosis due to NASH was acceptable and similar between White and Asian patients. |
Risk of infections with ustekinumab and tofacitinib compared to tumor necrosis factor a antagonists in inflammatory bowel diseases. UST is associated with reduced risk of infections compared to anti-TNF biologics in IBD, while no difference was observed between tofacitinib and anti-TNF therapy. |
| Endoscopy |
Endoscopic intermuscular dissection (EID) for deep submucosal invasive cancer in the rectum- a new endoscopic approach. Only minor adverse events occurred in 8 patients (12%). EID for deep invasive T1 rectal cancer appears to be feasible and safe, and the high R0 resection rate creates a rectal preserving potential in 45% of patients. |
| Gastroenterology |
Evaluating Eosinophilic Colitis as a Unique Disease using Colonic Molecular Profiles: A Multi-Site Study. We established EoC transcriptomic profiles, identified mechanistic pathways, and integrated findings with parallel IBD and EGID data. These findings establish EoC as a distinct disease compared with other EGIDs and IBD, thereby providing a basis for improving diagnosis and treatment. |
Predicting pancreatic cancer in the UK Biobank cohort using polygenic risk scores and diabetes mellitus. The PDAC related common genetic variants are more strongly associated with DM. This PRS has the potential for targeting individuals with NODM for PDAC secondary screening measures. |
| Gastrointest Endosc |
Simplified robot-assisted endoscopic submucosal dissection for esophageal and gastric lesions:a randomized, controlled, porcine study. This study demonstrated that using a simplified robot during ESD is technically feasible and enables endoscopist to dynamically countertraction. This device could significantly reduce procedure time compared with conventional ESD techniques. |
The appropriate selection of endoscopic resection for superficial nonampullary duodenal adenomas in association with recurrence. The recurrence risk was not different for EMR, UEMR, and EMRC. Therefore, UEMR, a simple and safe procedure, could be the first choice for relatively small SNADAs. With larger prospective studies, UEMR data may turn out to be more robust, corroborating it as the endoscopic modality of choice for certain SNADAs. |
| Gut |
Clinical outcome of non-curative endoscopic submucosal dissection for early colorectal cancer. Following ESD for a lesion at high risk of RD, follow-up only may be a reasonable choice in patients at high risk for surgery. Also, endoscopic resection quality should be improved. Trial registration number NCT03987828. |
Gut microbiota dynamics in a prospective cohort of patients with post-acute COVID-19 syndrome. These findings provided observational evidence of compositional alterations of gut microbiome in patients with long-term complications of COVID-19. Further studies should investigate whether microbiota modulation can facilitate timely recovery from post-acute COVID-19 syndrome. |
Host transcriptome signatures in human faecal-washes predict histological remission in patients with IBD. Faecal wash host transcriptome is a statistically powerful biomarker reflecting histological inflammation. Furthermore, it opens the way to identifying important correlates and therapeutic targets that may be obscured using biopsy transcriptomics. |
Stimulatory MAIT cell antigens reach the circulation and are efficiently metabolised and presented by human liver cells. Our findings reveal previously unrecognised roles of liver cells in Ag metabolism and activation of MAIT cells, repression of which creates an opportunity to design antifibrotic therapies. The presence of MAIT cell stimulatory Ags in serum rationalises the observed activated MAIT cell phenotype in liver. Increased serum levels of gut-derived MAIT cell stimulatory ligands in patients with impaired intestinal barrier function indicate that intrahepatic Ag-presentation may represent an important step in the development of liver disease. |
Targeting pancreatic cancer by TAK-981: a SUMOylation inhibitor that activates the immune system and blocks cancer cell cycle progression in a preclinical model. Our findings indicate that pharmacological inhibition of the SUMO pathway represents a potential strategy to target PDAC via a dual mechanism inhibiting cancer cell cycle progression and activating anti-tumour immunity by inducing interferon signalling. |
| Hepatology |
Declining disease burden of hepatocellular carcinoma in the US, 1992-2017: A population-based analysis. We found significantly decreased overall HCC-specific mortality since 2013 in the US population, along with decreased incidence and continuously improved survival. The changing etiologies, advances in screening and diagnosis, and improved treatment modality and allocation might al contribute to the downward trends of the disease burden of HCC in the US. |
Innate-like bystander-activated CD38+ HLA-DR+ CD8+ T cells play a pathogenic role in patients with chronic hepatitis C. The TCR-independent, cytokine-responsive bystander CD38 + HLA-DR + CD8 + T cells are strongly cytotoxic and play a pathogenic role in patients with chronic hepatitis C. |
MCT4 inhibition potentiates hepatocellular carcinoma immunotherapy via enhancing T cell infiltration and immune attack. Our results revealed that lactate exportation by MCT4 has a tumor-intrinsic function in generating an immunosuppressive HCC environment and demonstrated the proof of the concept of targeting MCT4 in tailoring HCC immunotherapeutic approaches. |
Metastatic Tumor Antigen 1 Contributes to Hepatocarcinogenesis Posttranscriptionally Through Novel RNA Binding Function. MTA1 is a generic RNA-binding protein. Cytoplasmic MTA1 and its binding to MYC is associated with early recurrence in HBV-HCC patients. This novel function enables it to regulate gene expression posttranscriptionally and contributes to hepatocarcinogenesis. |
Persistence of severe liver fibrosis despite substantial weight loss with bariatric surgery. While bariatric surgery successfully reverses active steatohepatitis, advanced fibrosis can persist for many years and is associated with lesser weight-loss and metabolic improvement. Weight-loss alone may not be sufficient to reverse advanced fibrosis. |
Quantified integrated hepatitis B virus is related to viral activity in chronic hepatitis B patients. Integrated HBV levels are strongly correlated with surrogate markers for virological activity but not to cccDNA levels, and are predictive for HBsAg-loss. Our data suggest that integrated HBV is closely related to HBV replication and may therefore be an important tool in the evaluation and development of new treatment modalities aiming to cure CHB. |
Therapeutic efficacy of FASN inhibition in preclinical models of HCC. This preclinical study suggests the limited efficacy of targeting FASN as monotherapy for HCC treatment. However, FASN inhibitors could be combined with other drugs for improved effectiveness. These combination therapies could be developed based on the driver oncogenes, supporting precision medicine approaches for HCC treatment. |
Zac1 and the Imprinted Gene Network program juvenile NAFLD in response to maternal metabolic syndrome. Our findings identify a novel pathway linking maternal MetS exposure during postnatal development to the programming of juvenile NAFLD, and provide support for the hypothesis that imprinted genes play a central role in metabolic disease programming. |
| Inflamm Bowel Dis |
A Prospective Trial with Long Term Follow-up of Patients With Severe, Steroid-Resistant Ulcerative Colitis Who Received Induction Therapy With Cyclosporine and Were Maintained With Vedolizumab. Bridging cyclosporine to vedolizumab in severe, steroid-refractory UC patients is effective and safe at inducing and maintaining clinical, endoscopic, and biochemical response and remission up to 52 weeks of follow-up. Larger prospective studies are warranted. |
| J Crohns Colitis |
Drug-induced liver injury used in the treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Although drug-induced liver injury (DILI) appears to be less frequent with anti-TNF agents, newer biologics and small molecules, monitoring liver tests should be considered in the follow-up of these patients, especially if in the future raises the option of combined therapy of biologics or these drugs with small molecules. The objective of this review is to show data on the risk of developing DILI in patients with IBD who are undergoing treatment with traditional therapy or new drugs, whether biological or small molecules. |
Postoperative Safety Profile of Minimally Invasive Ileocolonic Resections for Crohn's Disease in the Era of Biologic Therapy. This retrospective analysis demonstrates an equivalent postoperative safety profile for patients treated with preoperative anti-TNF, VDZ, UST versus no biologic therapy within three months of MIS-ICR for Crohn's disease. Preoperative biologic therapy may not increase complications after minimally invasive ileocolonic resection in Crohn's disease. Further studies with larger sample sizes are needed to confirm results. |
| J Hepatol |
Associations of muscle mass and grip strength with severe NAFLD: a prospective study of 333,295 UK Biobank participants. Lower muscle mass and grip strength were associated with higher risk of developing severe NAFLD. Interventions to improve physical capability may be protective, but this needs to be investigated in appropriately designed trials. |
Discordance in categorization of acute-on-chronic liver failure in the United Network for Organ Sharing database. In this retrospective multi-center study, ACLF categorization by UNOS showed weak agreement with manual chart review. These findings are informative for ongoing allocation policy discussions, highlight the importance of prospective studies regarding ACLF in LT and should encourage UNOS reform. |
Factor VIII/protein C ratio independently predicts liver-related events but does not indicate a hypercoagulable state in ACLD. FVIII/PC provides prognostic information regarding hepatic decompensation/death and ACLF, independently of established prognostic indicators. This should not be mistaken as evidence for the concept of hypercoagulability as a driver of disease progression, as the correlation between FVIII/PC and thrombin generation is confounded by liver disease severity and FVIII/PC was not associated with thrombosis. Therefore, FVIII/PC does not reflect coagulation and results from previous studies on FVIII/PC thus require reinterpretation. |
Hepatitis E virus is highly resistant to alcohol-based disinfectants. Different alcohols and alcohol-based hand disinfectants were insufficient to eliminate HEV infectivity with the exception of one commercial ethanol-based product including phosphoric acid. These findings have strong implications for the efficient prevention measures to reduce viral transmission in clinical practice. |
Liver Stromal Cells Restrict Macrophage Maturation and Stromal IL-6 Limits the Differentiation of Cirrhosis-linked Macrophages. Our work reveals an unanticipated role for liver stromal cells to impede the maturation and alter the differentiation of macrophages and prompts investigation into the role of local IL-6 production in the pathogenesis of liver disease. These studies provide a framework for investigating macrophage-stromal interactions during cirrhosis. |
Non-invasive tests accurately stratify patients with NAFLD based on their risk of liver-related events. VCTE and FIB4 accurately stratify the risk of LREs in NAFLD. These non-invasive tests are alternatives to liver biopsy for the identification of patients in need for specialized management. |
Rectal colonization by resistant bacteria increases the risk of infection by the colonizing strain in critically ill patients with cirrhosis. Rectal colonization by MDROs is extremely frequent in critically ill patients with cirrhosis. Colonization increases the risk of infection by the colonizing resistant strain. |
Value of liver biopsy in the diagnosis of drug-induced liver injury. Liver histologic findings may help clarify the diagnosis of DILI. Histology appears to be particularly helpful in cholestatic or equivocal cases of DILI (possible or probable), shifting assessment toward a greater or less certainty of a DILI diagnosis. |
| Neurogastroenterol Motil |
Association between menstrual pain and functional dyspepsia in a Japanese young population. Among the young female Japanese population, menstrual pain might be independently positively associated with FD and PDS but not EPS. The use of medication for menstrual pain might be independently positively associated with FD including subtype of FD. |
Effect of intestinal microbiota transplantation on cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury in aged mice via inhibition of IL-17. In summary, intestinal microbiota transplantation can alleviate cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury in aged mice by restoring their microbiota environment and inhibiting IL-17 in the gut, serum, and brain tissue. |
Epidemiology of disorders of Gut-Brain interaction in Israel: Results from the Rome Foundation global epidemiology study. The results of this study provide the first in-depth assessment of the prevalence and burden of Rome IV DGBI in Israel and facilitate comparisons with other countries. As 36.4% of the 2,012 participants met diagnostic criteria for at least one DGBI, and 23.5% of those met criteria for more than one DGBI, the burden of DGBI in Israel is high, indicating a need to focus on research and training for patient care. |
Relationship between dysphagia, lower esophageal sphincter relaxation, and esophagogastric junction distensibility. DI does not correlate with HRM EGJ measurements and is the metric with the strongest effect on dysphagia severity. The various biological elements that may cause restrictive EGJ function should be the subject of future studies. |
Spastic secondary contractile patterns identified by FLIP panometry in symptomatic patients with unremarkable high-resolution manometry. This case series demonstrates that treatments targeting spastic secondary contractions identified by FLIP panometry can result in symptomatic improvement in patients with no obstructive disorder and no diagnostic motility disorder on HRM. In such patients, we have identified the novel HRM finding of mid-vertical pressurization, which might be the manometric manifestation of spasm limited to the mid-esophagus. |
Timed barium swallow: Esophageal stasis varies markedly across subtypes of esophagogastric junction obstruction. Timed barium swallow findings differed markedly with significantly less esophageal stasis in type III achalasia and EGJOO, despite similar symptom severity and no correlation between degree of emptying and IRP. Preservation of peristalsis may underlie this finding in EGJOO. |
Plenty of the editorials are available as full text through the publisher website using the provided link
| Aliment Pharmacol Ther |
Review article: epidemiology, pathogenesis and management of liver disease in adults with cystic fibrosis. The incidence of CFLD increases with age and hence is increasingly important to adult patients with CF. Effective therapies are lacking. For progress to be made a better understanding of pathogenesis and disease detection are required. |
| Gastroenterology |
| Gastrointest Endosc |
| Hepatology |
Genomic Medicine for Liver Disease. In 2022, we stand at an inflection point in the practice of hepatology. The utilization of genomic medicine is moving from niche to widespread, paving the way for expansion of genomics-informed hepatology clinical practice and research, a new era in molecular hepatology. |
| J Crohns Colitis |
| J Hepatol |
Is it time for chronopharmacology in NASH? This may contribute to the wide variability in reported outcomes of NASH trials and partly explain why even late-phase trials have stalled because of lack of efficacy or safety concerns. In this opinion piece, we describe the potential for chronopharmacology in NASH, discuss how the major NASH drug candidates are influenced by circadian biology, and encourage greater consideration of the timing of drug administration in the design of future clinical trials. |
Letters to the editors and authors’ replies
| Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol |
| Gastroenterology |
| Gut |
| Hepatology |
| J Hepatol |
all remaining publications eg case reports, images of the month, etc…
| Am J Gastroenterol |
| Endoscopy |
| Gastroenterology |
| Gut |
| Inflamm Bowel Dis |
| J Crohns Colitis |
| J Hepatol |